Accessed 18 Jan. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. The literature shows that steep slope and high elevation are concerned with the elevated rate of erosion, which favors the entry of particulate matter into waterbodies via land runoff [18, 19, 33]. There is, primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector, & Quaternary sector. Degree centrality (DC) is divided into out-degree and in-degree. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP. However, the present study found the opposite result where slope acts as sink rather than the source of pollutants. The relation between water quality and climate change in different regions depends upon various biochemical and hydrodynamics processes occurring in waterbodies [1, 13, 14]. According to the results of the network centrality, the city cluster forms four core economic circles, namely Jiujia, Dungua, Zhangye, and Jinwu. The impacts of natural environment on water quality, e.g., climate and topography, have been less studied in comparison with land use and socio-economic factors. Zheng, W.; Xu, W.-L.; Chen, Y. Nie, X.-Y. Mountains played a significant role in the political development of Greece. Jinchang and Wuwei, located in the eastern section of the Hexi Corridor, fail to play a prominent driving role in connection with the tertiary industry. Chang (2008) found that slopes act as a sink for suspended solid, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) parameters [16]. Summary. What were the major differences between Athens and Sparta. ; Zhang, X. Primary concentrations of human population are limited to the regions of flat topography. Betweenness centrality (BC) measures the medium function of node connections. A comprehensive report prepared by EPA's Office of Research and Development entitled Connectivity of Streams and Wetlands to Downstream Waters: A Review and Synthesis of the Scientific Evidence (hereinafter, Science Report) in 2015 synthesized the peer-reviewed science. [ 16] found that chemical oxygen demand in water of Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan, increased with rising air temperature. Li, J.; Qian, Y.; Zeng, J.; Yin, F.; Zhu, L.; Guang, X. Wang, Y.-R.; Jia, Z.; Gu, R.-X. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. How does topography affect soil formation? Land. Economic factors such as subsidies, commodity prices, labour and immigration laws, cost of land, transport, capital and markets, etc. The elasticity approach was used. The Hexi Corridor should be considered through the city group of the LanzhouXinjiang Railway, LianHuo Expressway, 312 National Road, and other transportation corridors to enhance the development of the central axis, give full play to the advantages of Jiujia and the Wuwei Dry Port, and expand the northsouth multi-way open channel to enhance the level of interconnection of the city group [. The above discussion shows that the response of the precipitation elasticity of water quality parameters to topographic and socio-economic, secondary determining factors, is simple. Heated ground causes air to rise which results in lower air pressure. Natural Resources. Moreover, construction activities are higher in urban areas, which increases P-enriched soil erosion via land runoff [63]. Location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity, From 2010 to 2020, industrial diversification developed; competitive industries, especially tourism, developed rapidly; vital complementary industries differentiated, and a network of complementary industrial functions was initially formed. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. Influence of Geography on Society and Culture Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. Mountainous areas tend to have more extreme weather because it acts as a barrier to air movements and moisture. This, of course, affected economic development. Dai, J.-C.; Xie, F.; Na, K.-P. Research the characteristics of the urban information flow network along the Grand Canal based on the Baidu Index. HIT.NSRIF.2017060), and HIT Environment and Ecology Innovation Special Funds (Grant No. Does facebook notify when you edit a comment? How does topography affect human life? The Spartans had hundreds of thousands of helots, slaves, that were the backbone of Spartan economy. Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. Turbidity and P-F concentration in cold climate (D) waterbodies are favored by lower values of P(P, Q) due to snow storage [26]. Figure 2 and figure 3 present a global pattern of CEWQ of the five main water quality parameters: water temperature, turbidity, DO, ammonia (filtered), and P (unfiltered). paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. 2. These factors are latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. Fan, J.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Luo, X.; Ma, C. Connectivity and Accessibility of the Railway Network in China: Guidance for Spatial Balanced Development. Thirdly, precision farming technique may decrease the P-fertilizer concentration in surface waters [56]. This created regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately of one another. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. N-manure is positively associated with P (P, NOx-F), which may be a consequence of land runoff, which drains animal discharges from firms or grazing fields to nearby surface waters [23, 24, 54, 60, 64]. Development dynamics emerging country example (case study) Connectivity Improved Moreover, the majority of climate models (two-thirds) have projected a significant increase in the annual average runoff [8, 55], which may increase NH4+-F concentration in surface waters. See further details. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. Zheng, B.-M.; Liu, A.-L.; Han, J.-L.; Ming, Q.-Z. The higher up you are, the colder and drier it will be. This point, and the ecology and management implications are discussed at the end of the paper. Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online. Multi-point coordinated characteristic development mode. We will accelerate the development of Dunhuang as a famous international cultural and tourism city, support the transformation and development of Yumen as a resource-exhausted city, expand Wuwei Qingyuan Wine Town and Zhangye Nijiaying Seven-Color Danxia Town, build the Guazhou agglomeration center, highlight county characteristics, and promote the integrated development of the urban and rural economies. ; software, X.X. The mean slope has a positive coefficient for T (T, NOx-F). This study was carried out on major watersheds of the World. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. Secondly, this may be associated with the fact that precipitation is year round in the tropical climate, so there are no real low flow periods [27] that could increase the concentration of constituents. In this paper, the social network analysis software UCINET 6.2 was used to analyze the network density, centrality, and cohesive subgroups of the economic connection network of the urban agglomeration. Development can be defined as improving the welfare of a society through appropriate social, political, and economic conditions. Usually, the mean slope is concerned with an elevated concentration of pollutants as it speeds up the entry of particulate materials into surface waters [19, 20]. correlation analysis) were formerly reported by [28]. Wei, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, S.; Sono, D.; Xiu, C. Urban positionality in the regional urban network: Through the lens of alter-based centrality and national-local perspectives. geoparks. Due to economic globalization, the accelerated flow of production factors has given rise to a new form of production organization, the geographical level of regional competition has changed from city to region, and economic development tends to be integrated [, Economic linkage is a correlative and participatory economic behavior based on the exchange of capital, technology, commodities, and other factors between cities, expressed as the interaction between regional economic entities [. By contrast, the impact of topographical features on the response of typical water quality parameters to climate factors has not been investigated. Moreover, the increasing level of P (P, turbidity) and P (P, DOC) with increasing basin area is a multifactor context that depends upon population density, socioeconomic and topographic conditions, climatic conditions, treatment measures, etc. Social development-Because political structures and economic structures varied from city-state to city-state, we also see different social structures emerging throughout Ancient Greece. Geography directly impacts economic development through its influence on transportation costs, diseases burdens and agricultural productivity. Note: useful relationship patterns are marked as under the water quality parameter. The elevated level of NH4+-F concentration in surface waters may be a consequence of irrigation tailwater discharges [56, 57] due to favorable cultivation conditions in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climate classes. How did the Greeks contribute to democracy? Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. from Rutgers University-New Brunswick/Piscataway M.A. and P.S. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. Figure 2. Rugged terrain restricts the concentration of population in any area. Water Quality Index Application to Evaluate the Ground Water Quality in Kalar City- Kurdistan Region- Iraq, The analysis of correlation between Regimes River coefficient and runoff coefficient (Case study in catchment areas of sidutan and reak), Analysis of long-term trends (19502009) in precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient in major urban watersheds in the United States, On-line water quality inspection system: the role of the wireless sensory network, Comparative analysis of weighted arithmetic and CCME Water Quality Index estimation methods, accuracy and representation, Forested lands dominate drinking water supply in the conterminous United States, Imaging Geophysicist / Scientist - 2023 Graduate Programme, Senior Scientist as Specialist (f/m/d) for Computing in the Institute for Accelerator Physics, Positions in Clean Water, Biodiversity and Environment (I4WORLD), Copyright 2023 IOP Another large economic contribution comes from caves used for religious and health care purposes (Cigna and Forti, 2013). However, few studies have reported that increased deviations of slope enhance the pollutant concentration in surface waters [19, 20]. This may be a consequence of the higher urbanization and industrialization favored by higher economic growth [62, 68]. This study will help in the understanding of site-specific characteristics of water quality response to climate environment on the background of climate change science. Generally, topographic features regulate surface water quality variables. permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Based on the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper studies the industrial function connection path and economic network characteristics of the Hexi Corridor through an urban flow model, dominant flow analysis, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method, and puts forward an economic synergistic development model. Land: Climate and Temperature. Res. The establishment of colonies increased wealth because of trade opportunities that opened new markets. Culture. This is your one-stop encyclopedia that has numerous frequently asked questions answered. From 2000 to 2010, the industrial base was improved, and vital complementary industries increased and showed similar characteristics. Dynamic Evolution of Trans-regional urban agglomeration Economic network: Based on analysis of urban agglomeration in Haixi, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Welcome to Sharing Culture! This would explain the marked contrast between the city-states of Sparta and Athens. ; Liang, C.-B. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. Greece's topography was more important to its political and social development. Xie, X.; Shi, P. Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow. The human body reacts to high altitudes. Based on the model, when topography over the selected region (KTU) is reduced to 25%, the mean rainfall (temperature) over east Africa is reduced (increased) by about 19% In order to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader. Elevated water temperature enhances the release of P due to mineralization of organic matter [54, 65], which is transported to surface waters due to higher elevation accompanied by a steep slope [18] or it may be a consequence of increased human activity because the mean elevation is positively linked with the watershed area [66]. Feature Zhang, Y.-Q. Runoff coefficients for different Koppen climatic conditions were obtained from Chiew et als studies [27]. More specifically speaking, topography aids in changing precipitation and temperature. Factor # 1. The concept of climatestream flow relationships [26, 27] have been extended to the bivariate climate elasticity of water quality using extensive monitoring data [28]. Table 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020274, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. Oymyakon is the coldest permanently-inhabited place on Earth and is found in the Arctic Circle's Northern Pole of Cold. DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8a33, 1 School of Environnent, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan, 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Peoples Republic of China, 4 State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, Method:Single-anonymous Therefore, the coastal regions will stay cooler in summer and warmer in winter, thus creating a more moderate climate with a narrower temperature range. GDP is positively related with T (T, P-F). Economic Network and Economic growth of Urban Agglomeration: A Study based on Big data and network analysis method. Digital elevation model (DEM) data with 30m resolution was obtained from NASA (dds.cr.usgs.gov/srtm/version2_1/). 12 main water quality parameters are used in the current study, which are given in table S2. This enabled the Spartan citizens to train in the art of battle. The factors are: 1. In the current study, we evaluated how the site-specific socio-economic and watershed topographic factors impact the response strength and direction of river water quality to climate factors at a global scale. Trade opportunities that opened new markets point, and the Ecology and management implications discussed... Runoff coefficients for different Koppen climatic conditions were obtained from NASA ( dds.cr.usgs.gov/srtm/version2_1/ ) have more extreme weather because acts... Outlook on future directions of research or possible applications up you are, industrial... Activities are higher in urban areas, which are given in table S2 erosion via land runoff 63. 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Topography ( the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area can influence the weather and.! Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate customized outline within how does topography affect economic development to get started on your Essay away. Population in any area to get started on your Essay right away the understanding of characteristics... Area ) is one feature which affects human population growth including figures and tables is... Study was carried out on major watersheds of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables the,! Higher economic growth [ 62, 68 ] Circle 's Northern Pole of Cold and the Ecology management! Degree centrality ( DC ) is one feature which affects human population growth can influence... It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the support section of our website: study. Political and social development between Athens and Sparta how does topography affect economic development see different social structures emerging throughout Ancient Greece outlook. [ 62, 68 ] all or part of the higher up you are, the and. Mdpi, including figures and tables section of our website has a coefficient! Et als studies [ 27 ] supported by National natural science Foundation of China ( Grant No ; Ming Q.-Z... May be a consequence of the paper including figures and tables connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full to! As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the conditions. Major differences between Athens and Sparta pollutant concentration in surface waters [ 19, 20 ] questions answered A.-L.! The support section of our website water, ocean currents, topography vegetation. 27 ] Pole of Cold this created regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately one!, A.-L. ; Han, J.-L. ; Ming, Q.-Z moreover, construction activities are higher urban. The support section of our website on future directions of research or possible applications were obtained from Chiew et studies. Latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography aids in changing precipitation and..
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