He was class president, editor of the school newspaper and the yearbook, and was president of the senior honor society. As one of its ranking officers for most of the CIA's first 25 years, Mr. Helms helped form and shape the agency, and he recruited, trained, assigned and supervised many of its top agents. Indeed, CIA Director Allen Dulles did not take Soviet and Chinese Communist threats lightly; he intended for his behavioral research specialists to break new ground in the quest for mind control knowledge. Although passed over for promotion in the late 1950s, Helms resurfaced in the early 60s when questions arose about intelligence gathering in the wake of the Bay of Pigs debacle in Cuba. His assignments included coverage of the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. At Williams College, Mr. Helms excelled as a student and leader. "I found myself in a position of conflict," Mr. Helms said. Ancestry On leaving the CIA, Mr. Helms served three years as ambassador to Iran, then in 1976 ended his government career. During the 1950s and early 1960s, he held high positions in the division responsible for clandestine operations. He went to London and became a European correspondent for United Press. Boston, Cincinnati Guests Included Thats the way it often goes in CIA families. He rose quickly and became national advertising director within a year. Later in the war, Helms worked in intelligence offices in London and Paris. While Dennis was growing up in Washington, the letter went into family scrapbooks. When we got it, the hair on our arms stood up, said Toni Hiley, the CIA museums curator. From the beginning, he worked in the C.I.A. How do we create a person's profile? . He would later represent Iranian interests in Washington. 'Killer Schorr' that's what they ought to call you.". For more than 11 months, until the tunnel was detected by the Soviet Union, the C.I.A. His father signed off with a term that he rarely used for himself. [M]y life has spanned an historic period, and I am rather awed by that fact, he wrote. It included the rending of the American social fabric and the antiwar protests of the Vietnam War era, and it ended during the Watergate crisis. In that capacity, in 1955, Mr. Helms impressed his superiors by supervising the secret digging of a 500-yard tunnel from West Berlin to East Berlin to tap the main Soviet telephone lines between Moscow and East Berlin. You cocksucker! Early in Mr. Helms's directorship, as the war in Vietnam and the antiwar protests were escalating, Johnson asked the CIA to determine whether antiwar activity in the United States was being financially or otherwise backed by foreign countries. Under this operation, the CIA amassed files on tens of thousands of American citizens or groups. Enterprise reporter covering the Washington region and beyond, A letter from Richard Helms, on Hitler's stationary, to his son. Richard married Julia Shields in 1939, at age 25. Over the years, there would be more assignments with domestic political implications. These individuals were picked because, due to their social and economic circumstances, they typically would have little recourse if they discovered the true nature of their predicament. He was married to Cynthia McKelvie and Julia Bretzman Shields. The Measure of a Man is the earliest attempt to publish King's sermons in book form. He had graduated from Yale before the war and attended Harvard Law School for a year. In 1965, Mr. Helms was named to the second-highest job at the agency, deputy director of central intelligence. As he stepped into the hallway, he came face-to-face with CBS newsman Daniel Schorr. Born on March 30, 1913, in St. Davids, Pa., Richard McGarrah Helms -- he avoided using the middle name -- was the son of an Alcoa executive and grandson of a leading international banker, Gates. For several years, the CIA had tested the use of hypnosis in interrogations and on unwitting subjects under Operation ARTICHOKE. The gold-embossed letterhead features a swastika and the name Adolf Hitler. The sixty-two-year-old former director of the CIA had left the Agency two years earlier and was then serving as ambassador to Iran. Six years later at a White House ceremony, Mr. Helms received the National Security Medal from President Reagan for "exceptionally meritorious service." In his biography, The Man Who Kept the Secrets, Thomas Powers wrote that Helms style was cool by choice and temperament; his instinct was to soften differences, to find a middle ground, to tone down operations that were getting out of hand, to give faltering projects one more chance rather than shut them down altogether, to settle for compromise in the interests of bureaucratic peace.. 1968, one son) Son: Dennis Helms Wife: Cynthia Ratcliff McKelvin (m. 1968) High School: Carteret School, Orange, NJ University: Williams College (1935) US Ambassador to Iran 1973-76 CIA Director 1966-73 CIA Deputy Director 28-Apr-1965 to 30-Jun-1966 OSS Agent The Indianapolis Times But the most contentious criticism of Mr. Helms centered on Chile. By July 1952, Helms had been appointed acting chief of the CIA's Clandestine Division and in the following year became deputy to Frank Wisner, the Deputy Director of Plans. King, "What Is Man?" Sermon at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, 11 July 1954, in Papers 6:174-179. Julia Helms was born about 1908. He grew up in South Orange, N.J., and was schooled in Europe, where he became versed in languages and fluent in French and German. Mr. Helms said he considered this award "an exoneration.". Powers wrote, Mr. Nixon forced him out and sent him to Iran as ambassador. Paralleling the CIA's experiments, it is estimated that thousands of US soldiers were exposed to dangerous chemicals, biological weapons experiments, and radioactive agent tests sponsored by the Pentagon in operations worldwide. That reputation grew in 1973, when Mr. Helms clashed with President Nixon, who sought his help in thwarting an F.B.I. In addition to his wife, Mr. Helms is survived by a son, Dennis Helms, of Princeton, N.J. Richard M. Helms Dies at 89; Dashing Ex-Chief of the C.I.A. In testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Mr. Helms insisted that the C.I.A. After he left the C.I.A. Television host, razor sharp political pundit, and #1 bestselling author Bill OReilly focuses in on where we all stand in the Age of Obama in Pinheads and Patriots. During his war service in the US Navy, Lieutenant Helms was initially assigned to track enemy submarines off the coast of New York. William R. Colby, who succeeded Schlesinger as director of central intelligence, quietly briefed House and Senate overseers on the contents of the report, which became known in the agency as "the family jewels." In 1939 Helms had married Julia Bretzman Shields, a sculptress six years his senior. Heinz Warneke, Elegance, ca. In 1939 he married Julia Bretzman Shields, and they had a son, Dennis, a lawyer in Princeton, N.J. Helms in the directorate of plans (covert operations) and Angleton in counterintelligence guided this new mission. He was assigned to Berlin at the end of the war and worked for Allen Dulles, who would later become head of the CIA himself. A tireless campaigner when he ran unsuccessfully for President in 1960, she was at his side when he ran again in 1968--and won. But in the national malaise that accompanied the war in Vietnam and the Watergate scandal, much of the popular mystique that attended CIA service had dissolved. His life's ambition on leaving college was to own and operate a daily newspaper. Helm's successor at the agency, James R. Schlesinger. Helms first marriage to Julia Bretzman Shields ended in divorce. Indeed, Helms and Angleton's goal was much more than just defensive techniques and truth serums; they were intent on finding out if a human could be programmed to carry out "executive action" operations, which in CIA terminology meant assassination. So, theyd say, Oh, well, youre kinda dumb, the son said. Contents 1 Tennis career 1.1 Davis Cup 2 Grand Slam finals 2.1 Singles (2 runners-up) 2.2 Doubles (1 runner-up) 2.3 Mixed doubles (1 runner-up) 3 Marriages More About Frank Brown Shields and Julia L. Bretzman : Private-Begin: Private With his wife he entered a new life in local society. His biggest scoop, he said, was an exclusive interview with Adolf Hitler. The enigmatic Angleton was a very thin man, four years younger than Helms, and was known as an intellectual. Under Helms's guidance, behavioral medicine scientists from across the US were recruited to investigate a curious mix of concepts: creating amnesia, understanding bioelectrics, and attempting to harness parapsychology. Richard McGarrah Helms was born in St. Davids, Pa., to a family of financial means. The operations he conducted that would have been fun to me to hear about, like reading a novel. He made only one public speech during his years as CIA leader, telling the nation's newspaper editors that "the nation must, to a degree, take it on faith that we, too, are honorable men, devoted to her service. According to the Washington Post's George Lardner, during a break in the testimony, Helms got into a conversation with several reporters, one of whom asked Helms if he knew anything about a connection between Lee Harvey Oswald and the CIA or the KGB. Richard Helms was born on March 30, 1913 in St. Davids, Pennsylvania, USA as Richard McGarrah Helms. His wife and son . Mr. Helms was the first career intelligence professional to serve as the nation's top spymaster, and he was among the last of the remaining survivors of the CIA's organizing cadre, operatives who earned their espionage stripes as young men during World War II. In that capacity, in 1955, Mr. Helms impressed his superiors by supervising the secret digging of a 500-yard tunnel from West Berlin to East Berlin to tap the main Soviet telephone lines between Moscow and East Berlin. hb```X0xb,G}4q,u pQ b`Y $ 75p7H$D4c5z`q %c Uf` i For example, at Dachau, inmates were immersed in cold water to determine how long a downed pilot would last in frigid seas. He served under such men as Allen W. Dulles, Richard M. Bissell, John A. McCone and Vice Adm. William F. Raborn. During Iran-Contra, a lot of CIA people suddenly found themselves on the wrong end of an investigation. ex-husband Private child view all Julia Bretzman Shields's Timeline Over the years, speculation has grown that Helms was the famous source known as Deep Throat, who helped guide Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein in their Pulitzer Prize-winning investigation of the Watergate scandal. They were also the types of subjects who would not be prone to question if they had been unwittingly drugged, because drugs were a normal part of their culture anyway. Much of the records of this work have been destroyed, but it is estimated that the CIA may have used thousands of subjects in its behavior modification experiments. Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 October 23, 2002) served as the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from June 1966 to February 1973. He was responsible for espionage, intelligence gathering, special undercover operations and the political propaganda section. Richard Helms, the CIA director during the Vietnam War and Watergate eras, who died in 2002. agency employees and their guests can see, The Man Nobody Knew: In Search of My Spymaster Father, William Colby.. Outside the courtroom on the day of his sentencing, Helms attorney, Edward Bennett Williams, said his client would wear this conviction like a badge of honor. To the end, Helms believed deeply in the mission of the CIA. The letter writer was his father, Richard Helms, the CIA director during the Vietnam War and Watergate eras, who died in 2002. Served with Office of Strategic Services United States Naval Reserve, 1942-1946, European Theatre of Operations. Robert Kennedy found out in May 1962 and was told these plots had been terminated. He is also survived by a son, Dennis, from his first marriage. Even before the 1972 Watergate break-in at Democratic National Committee headquarters, the White House had demanded and received CIA files on agency plots to assassinate foreign leaders during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. He later became an international consultant, specializing in trade with the Middle East. Wife: Julia Bretzman Shields (sculptor, m. 1939, div. In 1965, when Director John McCone resigned, Helms was his favored successor, but President Johnson chose Vice Adm. William F. Raborn instead. Born on March 30, 1913, in St. Davids, Pa., Richard McGarrah Helms -- he avoided using the middle name -- was the son of an Alcoa executive and grandson of a leading international banker, Gates McGarrah. He graduated second in his class in 1935 and decided to go into the field of journalism. They divorced in 1968. In 1936, he was with a small group of reporters who interviewed Adolf Hitler in Nuremberg. More About Julia L. Bretzman and Frank Brown Shields: Private-Begin: Private . Right after Germanys surrender, Lt. Helms, an intelligence operative, sneaked into Hitlers chancellery in Berlin and pilfered the Fuehrers stationery. who was born in Indianapolis, Indiana to Charles Bretzman of Hannover, Germany and Berta W. Bretzman of Minnesota. Helms, who was present at the creation of the agency in 1947 during the Cold War, was an important operations man in the agency for two decades. "I had sworn my oath to protect certain secrets. Helms was enrolled in Le Rosey, a private preparatory school on Lake Geneva. In 1939, Helms had married Julia Bretzman Shields, a "divorce with two children" so that immediately his home became a "whole family". Unaccustomed to such public scrutiny, Helms's cool demeanor had cracked under the pressure. Helms's unauthorized use of the Mafia in various operations was typical, particularly his attempts to eliminate Cuba's Fidel Castro. Over the next several months, the agency would contemplate schemes for Castro's overthrow or assassination, but none ever materialized. Mr. Helms pleaded no contest in 1977 to two misdemeanor counts of failing to testify fully four years earlier to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Helms replied, "I don't remember." With his new assignment, he inherited a pressure campaign from the White House to get rid of Castro by other means. He did not welcome congressional inquiry or oversight. In testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Mr. Helms insisted that the C.I.A. had run a major secret operation in Chile that gave more than $8 million to the opponents of Mr. Allende, using the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation as a conduit. He fancied a career in journalism, and went to Europe as a reporter for United Press. Agents often turned to him in times of trouble, Powers wrote of Helms. In September 1939, Helms married Julia Bretzman Shields, a local divorce who had two children from a previous marriage, James and Judith. Father of Dennis and grandfather of Julia and Alexander; brother of Betty Helms Hawn, Pearsael Helms and Gates Helm; stepfather of Didi Anderson, Jill . He fancied a career in journalism, and went to Europe as a reporter for United Press. Later, Helms served as U.S. ambassador to Iran. He grew up in South Orange, N.J., and studied for two years during high school in Switzerland, where he became fluent in French and German. Thirty-five thousand people are killed outright, including 23,200-28,200 Japanese war workers, 2,000 Korean forced workers, and 150 Japanese soldiers. The simple, abstract rendering is characteristic of . He was set up. Mr. Helms's memoir, ''A Look Over My Shoulder: a Life in the C.I.A.,'' is to be released in the spring by Random House. "I didn't want to lie. But he lunched occasionally with influential figures in the media, and he was assiduous in cultivating the congressional support he needed to manage his agency. Helms' first marriage to Julia Bretzman Shields ended in divorce. He dated the letter V-E day for May 8, 1945. . Chief, Dies at 89, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/24/us/richard-helms-ex-cia-chief-dies-at-89.html. Mr. Allende died in a 1973 military coup, which was followed by more than 16 years of military dictatorship. 'His marriage, to Julia Bretzman Shields in 1939, was to make a major differ- ence to his later career, in an unusual way. Soon, this newly contracted legion of psychiatrists began to test mind-altering drugs in conjunction with hypnosis. Together, Angleton and Helms would form a twenty-five-year partnership in covert operations. On Christmas Day 1991, Richard, by now enjoying retirement with his second wife, Cynthia McKelvie Helms, wrote a letter to Dennis and his wife, Meg Helms, summing up his career. Please c, ontact . He was 89. Your side won." Connections Married Julia Bretzman Shields, September 8, 1939 (divorced 1968). He was a firm believer in the importance of the espionage game. He will be buried at Arlington National Ceremony on Nov. 20. You killer! Through much of his tenure, Helms -- with his solid background in the agency during the Cold War -- was well-regarded by congressional oversight panels and the news media. To the lean, dapper and detached Helms that meant maintaining the rules of the game -- silence and loyalty. The "ULTRA" is no doubt a nod to the great contribution of the operation that broke the Nazi code in World War II. He grew up in South Orange, N. J., and studied for two years during high school in Switzerland, where he became conversant in French and German. The price of ridding society of bad is always high. Such code words are typically meaningless except to the originator. When the U.S. wartime intelligence forces merged into the CIA in 1947, Mr. Helms became one of the architects of the new organization. After the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Helms joined the Navy and moved his family to his parents' home in South Orange, New Jersey. had never tried to overthrow the government of President Salvador Allende Gossens or funneled money to political enemies of Mr. Allende, a Marxist. Mr. Helms believed he had performed well in a job that, although many Americans considered it sinister and undemocratic, was nevertheless a cold-blooded necessity in an era of cold war. It was Helms's fluency in the German language that helped him earn the position of station chief in post-World War II Berlin. . He also reportedly had a hand in U.S. intelligence activities in Africa, specifically the Congo, including a scheme to assassinate Patrice Lumumba. Mr. Helms, who was allowed to receive his government pension, put his intelligence experience to use after his retirement. He had a chance to get in the bunker early and grab that stuff, Dennis said, shrugging during an interview at a restaurant in Princeton near his home. I was simply trying to find my way through a difficult situation in which I found myself.''. In 1939 he married Julia Bretzman Shields, and they had a son, Dennis, a lawyer in Princeton, N.J. 1 son, Dennis J.; married Cynthia McKelvie, 1968. . It was the results of these experiments that most interested Richard Helms and American intelligence. The Man Who Kept the Secrets, the title of author Thomas Powers's biography of Richard Helms, is a fitting description of his subject. Over the next 20 years, Mr. Helms rose through the agency's ranks, and in 1966 he came the first career official to head the C.I.A. She and his son survive him. He was known as a charming conversationalist, a gregarious partygoer and an accomplished dancer, and he and his wife. As America's top spymaster, Powers wrote in his biography, Mr. Helms "is remembered as an administrator, impatient with delay, excuses, self-seeking, the sour air of office politics. Julia apparently favored the Democratic Party. I didn't want to mislead the Senate. For Christmas, he already plans to give the replica to his son, Alexander Helms, a college senior majoring in studio art and photography. (His father and mother, Julia Bretzman Helms, divorced in 1968, and she died in 1986.). One part still confuses Dennis: The letter is dated V-E Day. He was second-in-command of covert operations in 1958 when he was passed over for the directorship of that activity in favor of Richard M. Bissell Jr., who in 1961 would plan and direct the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion of Castro's Cuba. The couple were divorced in 1968, and Mr. Helms married Cynthia McKelvie later that year. He was class president, editor of the school newspaper and the yearbook, and was president of the senior honor society. endstream endobj 223 0 obj <>/Metadata 14 0 R/Outlines 22 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 220 0 R/StructTreeRoot 37 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 224 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 225 0 obj <>stream That particular letter is one that only agency employees and their guests can see. But I dont have the capacity or time to do stuff like that.. I was simply trying to find my way through a difficult situation in which I found myself.". Richard Helms, a former director of central intelligence who defiantly guarded some of the darkest secrets of the cold war, died of multiple myeloma today. had run a major secret operation in Chile that gave more than $8 million to the opponents of Mr. Allende, using the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation as a conduit. For more than 11 months, until the tunnel was detected by the Soviet Union, the C.I.A. I felt obliged to keep some of this stuff in other words, not volunteer a good deal of information, he told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in 1975. The captured Nazi research documents showed that the most gruesome Nazi experiments conducted at death camps were the so-called "aviation series" in which prisoners were used to test various survival factors for the military. Mr. Helms said outside the courtroom that he wore his conviction "like a badge of honor," and added: "I don't feel disgraced at all. Helms completed his schooling in Europe at age eighteen in 1931 and returned to the United States after his acceptance at Williams College in western Massachusetts. When World War II broke out, Mr. Helms was called into service by the Naval Reserve and because of his linguistic abilities was assigned to the Office of Strategic Services, the precursor to the C.I.A. Thwarting an F.B.I Man is the earliest attempt to publish King & # ;. Four years younger than Helms, an intelligence operative, sneaked julia bretzman shields Hitlers chancellery in and. Helms would form a twenty-five-year partnership in covert operations to assassinate Patrice.! Would contemplate schemes for Castro 's overthrow or assassination, but none ever.... Career in journalism, and was president of the senior honor society hypnosis! 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