)exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. WebKingdom-of-laos Definition Meanings Definition Source Filter A former country in Southeast Asia (official name). [81] Debate on the issue escalated quickly. WebKingdom of Laos Kingdom of Laos (English) Proper noun Kingdom of Laos. )imports: 1.345 billion kWh (2019 est. Laos is a member of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, the ASEAN, East Asia Summit, and La Francophonie. )consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Laos has retained its official commitment to communism and maintains close ties with its two communist neighbors, Vietnam and China, both of which continue to exert substantial political and economic influence on the country. )services: 45.9% (2017 est. )forest: 67.9% (2018 est. ), fossil fuels: 35.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The exhibition depicts a complete collection of the stamps and souvenir sheets issued by the Kingdom of Laos from 1951 to 1975 with thematic descriptions emphasize on Lao culture, tradition and history. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. [47][46], The First Indochina War took place across French Indochina and eventually led to French defeat and the signing of a peace accord for Laos at the Geneva Conference of 1954. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. Words Starting With K KI KIN Words Ending With S OS AOS )8,679.409 (2019 est. WebWho is the father of Laos? Learn more - eBay Money Back Guarantee - opens in a new window or tab. )expenditures: 4.038 billion (2017 est. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Present-day Laos traces its historic and cultural identity to Lan Xang, which existed from the 13th century to the 18th century as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Additionally, the Khao San Pathet Lao, the country's official news agency, publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper. ", "Laos Deputy PM Douangchay Phichit dies in plane crash", "Laos plane crash kills defence minister and senior officials", "Lao Defense Chief Among Plane Crash Victims", "Hmong Leader's Vanishing In Laos Reverberates in U.S.", Reports on results of investigations of allegations concerning the welfare of Hmong refugees and asylum seekers in Thailand and Laos, "Refugee Admissions Program for East Asia", "History of the Hmong Resettlement Task Force", Report on the situation in the Xaysomboun Special Zone and 1100 Hmong-Lao refugees who escaped to Petchabun, Thailand during 20042005, Thailand: EU Presidency Declaration on the situation of Hmong refugees, "Hmong refugees facing removal from Thailand", Deportation of Hmong Lao refugees stopped in last minute, Hmong: UNHCR Protests Refugee Deportation, "Somsanga's Secrets | Arbitrary Detention, Physical Abuse, and Suicide inside a Lao Drug Detention Center", "In charts: How the Philippines fares in Southeast Asia", "Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review: Eighth session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council", "Human Rights Watch Concerns on Laos Submitted in advance of the EU-Laos Human Rights Dialogue October 2015", "Human Rights Abuses in Laos Must be Tackled Now", "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016", "Free former student leaders arbitrarily detained for 17 years", "Amnesty International Report 2016/17: Laos", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill Hmong Christians", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill four Hmong Christians: NGO", "Two teenagers rescued from forced prostitution in Laos", "Chinese marriage proposals become prostitution nightmares for some Lao girls", "Communism and Capitalism Are Mixing in Laos", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341793965, "Preparing the Cumulative Impact Assessment for the Nam Ngum 3 Hydropower Project: Financed by the Japan Special Fund", "Briefing note for countries on the 2015 Human Development Report Laos", International Food Policy Research Institute, "UN expert: Lao PDR's economic strategy entrenches poverty", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, European Council On Tourism And Trade Delegation Visit To Laos-World Best Tourist Destination European Council On Tourism And Trade, "The Lao People's Democratic Republic's Vision for Ecotourism", "China's BRI and its High-Speed Railways to Nowhere", "Focales n 8. TFR is higher in rural and remote areas, among ethnic minority groups, the less-educated, and the poor; it is lower in urban areas and among the more educated and those with higher incomes. Although Laos mortality rates have improved substantially over the last few decades, the maternal mortality rate and childhood malnutrition remain at high levels. As fertility and mortality rates continue to decline, the proportion of Laos working-age population will increase, and its share of dependents will shrink. The age structure shift will provide Laos with the potential to realize a demographic dividend during the next few decades, if it can improve educational access and quality and gainfully employ its growing working-age population in productive sectors. Currently, Laos primary school enrollment is nearly universal, but the drop-out rate remains problematic. Secondary school enrollment has also increased but remains low, especially for girls., Laos has historically been a country of emigration and internal displacement due to conflict and a weak economy. ), lowest 10%: 3.3%highest 10%: 30.3% (2008), revenues: 3.099 billion (2017 est. France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. Laos (/los/ (listen)[9][d]), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: , French: Rpublique dmocratique populaire lao), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. )male: 53.3% (2020 est. ), urban population: 38.2% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 2.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. More than 540 mineral deposits of gold, copper, zinc, lead and other minerals have been identified, explored and mined. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. Laos is in the process of implementing a value-added tax system. ), $7,800 (2021 est. 0 / 5 0 lt. "[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. The national basketball team competed at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game. It is evident throughout the country, expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 84.7%male: 90%female: 79.4% (2015), total: 10 yearsmale: 10 yearsfemale: 10 years (2020), total: 3.3%male: 3.4%female: 3.2% (2021 est. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. Fa Ngum, also spelled Fa Ngoun, (born 1316died 1374), founder and first king of the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang who created the first unified state of the Lao people. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. )$7,800 (2020 est. WebU.S. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border with Thailand. [133], The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876million in 2010,[134] when tourism had been expected to rise to US$1.5857billion by 2020. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. Select from premium Kingdom Of Laos of the highest quality. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. Choose your favorite kingdom of laos designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. [95], Human rights violations remain a significant concern in Laos. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. 1946. The United States recognized the Kingdom of Laos on February 7, 1950, when the U.S. Department of State made an A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. For other uses, see, , "Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity", Independence and Communist rule (1953present), The State respects and protects all lawful activities of Buddhists and of followers of other religions, [and] mobilises and encourages Buddhist monks and novices as well as the priests of other religions to participate in activities that are beneficial to the country and people, Sanda Simms, ch. Savada, Andrea Matles (editor) (1994) "Events in 1945". [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. Lao / Laos, Kingdom, 100 Kip, ND (1974), P-16, UNC . [139]:8 Songthaews are used in the country for long-distance and local public transport. ), unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; water pollution, most of the population does not have access to potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). The 1957 document was abrogated in December 1975, when a communist people's republic was proclaimed. [113] A number of citizens, primarily women and girls from all ethnic groups and foreigners, have been victims of sex trafficking in Laos. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. [135] The European Council on Trade and Tourism awarded the country the "World Best Tourist Destination" designation for 2013 for architecture and history.[136]. [71] In 2005 it attended the inaugural East Asia Summit. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. Laos became a member of ASEAN in 1997 and the WTO in 2013.In the 2010s, the country benefited from direct foreign investment, particularly in the natural resource and industry sectors. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. Laos financed the remaining 30% with loans from China. Laos's first French-written and monarchical constitution was promulgated on 11 May 1947, and declared Laos an independent state within the French Union. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. Settathirath disappeared in the mountains on his way back from a military expedition into Cambodia, and Lan Xang fell into more than seventy years of instability, involving both Burmese invasion and civil war. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. Influences: 12 Oct. 1945 - 24 Apr. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. The mountainous geography of Laos had impeded Laos's ground transportation development throughout the 20th century. Theravada Buddhism has coexisted peacefully since its introduction to the country with the local polytheism. In 1975, the communist Pathet Lao took control of the government, ending a six-century-old monarchy and instituting a strict socialist regime closely aligned to Vietnam. ), 63.6% of GDP (2017 est. English, the language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), has become increasingly studied in recent years. [153][154] Buddhism has long been one of the most important social forces in Laos. Some Vietnamese, Laotian Chinese[148] and Thai minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left after independence in the late 1940s, many of whom relocated either to Vietnam, Hong Kong, or to France. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". [149], Hill people and minority cultures of Laos such as the Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. ), household consumption: 63.7% (2017 est. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. Ninety-three percent of households have a telephone, either fixed line or mobile. A second Provisional Government of National Unity formed by Prince Souvanna Phouma in 1962 was unsuccessful, and the situation steadily deteriorated into large scale civil war between the Royal Laotian government and the Pathet Lao. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. )58.4% of GDP (2016 est. [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. ), -1.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. Nevertheless, Laos remains a country with an underdeveloped infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. "Laos agrees to voluntary repatriation of refugees in Thailand", U.P.I., 5 June 1991. agriculture: 20.9% (2017 est. )$12.9 billion (31 December 2016 est. o din: Sato Shinsuke. 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